ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠷ ᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠠᠮᠤᠳᠠᠷᠶᠠ ᠰᠢᠷᠳᠠᠷᠶᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠣᠨᠳᠣ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠭᠲᠠ | ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠨᠢᠳᠦ ᠭᠢᠯᠠᠰᠣᠮᠠ ᠲᠡᠤᠬᠡ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠶᠠᠰᠤᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ ᠰᠣᠭᠳᠠ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠴᠦ | ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠶᠢᠭᠤᠷᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ᠂ ᠤᠶᠢᠭᠤᠷᠵᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ᠂ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡ ᠴᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠳᠡᠮᠡᠢ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠵᠧᠨ ᠭᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠦᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ︵630 ᠣᠨ︶ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨᠳᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠢ ᠮᠥᠬᠦᠭᠡᠪᠡ᠃ | ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠡᠷᠦᠬᠡ ᠲᠠᠩ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠢ ᠾᠧ ᠴᠢᠥᠢ ︵ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠤᠢ | ︶ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷᠠ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠡᠨ᠂ ᠨᠤᠭᠲᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠵᠸᠤ ② ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠪᠠ᠃ ᠲᠢᠶᠣᠣ ᠯᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠣᠨ ︵679 ᠣᠨ︶ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ | ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠰᠣᠭᠳᠠ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠢ ᠯᠢᠩ᠂ ᠰᠢᠶᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠧᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠣᠨᠳᠣ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠡᠨ᠂ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ | ᠤᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠯᠦ᠂ ᠯᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠨ᠂ ᠰᠠᠢ᠂ ᠶᠢ᠂ ᠴᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠤᠭᠲᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠧᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ | ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠧᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠨᠢᠵᠣ ᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠣᠬᠡᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠦᠶᠡ ︵679~704 ᠣᠨ︶ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠬᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠣ ︽ᠬᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠬᠠᠨ ᠵᠧᠦ︾ | ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠤᠬᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠ᠃ | ᠬᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠬᠠᠨ ᠵᠧᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ᠂ ᠨᠢᠩᠰᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠵᠸᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ | ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠳ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠬᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠢᠩᠰᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ | ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠩ ᠦ᠋ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠮᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ | ᠰᠡᠯᠪᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ᠂ ᠠᠳᠡ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠣᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠬᠤ 1.ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤᠪᠤᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ᠂ | 2. ᠪᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ᠂ 3. ᠡᠪᠳᠡᠷᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ᠂ 4. ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠦ᠂ 5.ᠤᠯᠵᠠᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠦ᠂ 6. ᠳ᠋ᠠ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡ᠂ 7. ᠠᠷᠯᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠦ᠂ 8.ᠰᠦᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ᠂ 9.ᠤᠭᠤᠲᠤᠷ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ᠂ 10. ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ | ᠬᠤᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠳ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠣ ᠴᠣᠬᠤᠮ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ | ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠳᠤᠤᠷᠠ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠤᠪᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠰᠤᠭᠠᠢ᠃ | | 4. ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠦ | ᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠷᠠ ᠰᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ 6.5km ᠲᠠᠬᠢ ᠮᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢᠰᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ 720m᠂ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠰᠢ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ 354m᠃ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠮ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠲᠠᠢ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠂ ᠴᠤᠬᠤᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ 4m᠂ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠷ 1~5 m᠂ ᠴᠢᠭᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠵᠤᠵᠠᠭᠠᠨ 10~11cm᠂ ᠴᠢᠭᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ | ᠬᠤᠩᠬᠤᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠤᠲᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠮ④ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠨᠡ᠂ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠷ 11m᠂ ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ 7m᠂ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ | 58m ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ᠂ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠮ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ 10m ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠲᠤᠩ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ⑤ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠲᠤᠷᠠ ᠴᠢᠭ᠍ᠵᠢᠵᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠲᠠᠷᠰᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠦᠳᠦᠩ ᠪᠤᠢ᠂ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠸᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠰᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠠᠳᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠬᠡ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠰᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠷᠬᠡᠨ 18cm᠂ ᠵᠤᠵᠠᠭᠠᠨ 16cm᠂ ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠸᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ 20cm᠂ ᠵᠤᠵᠠᠭᠠᠨ 1. | 8~2.2cm᠂ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠸᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠤᠵᠠᠭᠠᠨ 1~2cm᠂ ᠸᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠯᠢᠵᠦ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠤᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠤᠲᠤᠷᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠲᠤᠤᠬᠠᠢ᠂ ᠸᠠᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠩ ᠰᠦᠩ ᠪᠤᠤ ᠲᠥᠩ ᠰᠤᠬᠤᠷ ᠵᠤᠭᠤᠰ ᠢ ᠤᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠠᠳᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ᠂ | ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠪᠳᠡᠷᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ᠂ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢᠬᠠᠨ ︵ᠰᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ | ᠰᠠᠭᠠ ᠵᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ︶ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦᠯᠡ ᠲᠠᠩ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 90 ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠴᠦ᠂ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠤᠳᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠲᠦᠯᠦᠪ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ | ᠳᠤᠲᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢ᠃ | |