| ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠷ ᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠠᠮᠤᠳᠠᠷᠶᠠ ᠰᠢᠷᠳᠠᠷᠶᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠣᠨᠳᠣ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠭᠲᠠ | ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠨᠢᠳᠦ ᠭᠢᠯᠠᠰᠣᠮᠠ ᠲᠡᠤᠬᠡ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠶᠠᠰᠤᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ ᠰᠣᠭᠳᠠ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠴᠦ | ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠶᠢᠭᠤᠷᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ᠂ ᠤᠶᠢᠭᠤᠷᠵᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ᠂ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡ ᠴᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠳᠡᠮᠡᠢ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠵᠧᠨ ᠭᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠦᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ︵630 ᠣᠨ︶ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨᠳᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠢ ᠮᠥᠬᠦᠭᠡᠪᠡ᠃ | ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠡᠷᠦᠬᠡ ᠲᠠᠩ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠢ ᠾᠧ ᠴᠢᠥᠢ ︵ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠤᠢ | ︶ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷᠠ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠡᠨ᠂ ᠨᠤᠭᠲᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠵᠸᠤ ② ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠪᠠ᠃ ᠲᠢᠶᠣᠣ ᠯᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠣᠨ ︵679 ᠣᠨ︶ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ | ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠰᠣᠭᠳᠠ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠢ ᠯᠢᠩ᠂ ᠰᠢᠶᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠧᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠣᠨᠳᠣ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠡᠨ᠂ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ | ᠤᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠯᠦ᠂ ᠯᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠨ᠂ ᠰᠠᠢ᠂ ᠶᠢ᠂ ᠴᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠤᠭᠲᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠧᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ | ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠧᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠨᠢᠵᠣ ᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠣᠬᠡᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠦᠶᠡ ︵679～704 ᠣᠨ︶ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠬᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠣ ︽ᠬᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠬᠠᠨ ᠵᠧᠦ︾ | ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠤᠬᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠ᠃ | ᠬᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠬᠠᠨ ᠵᠧᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ᠂ ᠨᠢᠩᠰᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠵᠸᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ | ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠳ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠬᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠢᠩᠰᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ | ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠩ ᠦ᠋ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠮᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ | ᠰᠡᠯᠪᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ᠂ ᠠᠳᠡ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠣᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠬᠤ 1.ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤᠪᠤᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ᠂ | 2. ᠪᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ᠂ 3. ᠡᠪᠳᠡᠷᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ᠂ 4. ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠦ᠂ 5.ᠤᠯᠵᠠᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠦ᠂ 6. ᠳ᠋ᠠ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡ᠂ 7. ᠠᠷᠯᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠦ᠂ 8.ᠰᠦᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ᠂ 9.ᠤᠭᠤᠲᠤᠷ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ᠂ 10. ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ | ᠬᠤᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠳ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠣ ᠴᠣᠬᠤᠮ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ | ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠳᠤᠤᠷᠠ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠤᠪᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠰᠤᠭᠠᠢ᠃ | | 1.ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤᠪᠤᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ | ᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠷᠠ ᠰᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤᠪᠤᠩ ᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨᠰᠢ 200m ᠲᠤ᠂ ᠴᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠮ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | | ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠴᠢᠭ᠍ᠵᠢᠵᠤ ᠴᠤᠭᠴᠠᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠂ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ 320m᠂ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠰᠢ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ 420m᠂ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠮ ᠦᠨᠦᠨᠳᠦᠷ | 3～4m᠂ ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ 6～8m᠃ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠮ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ 0.5～1m ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠷ᠂ 0.5m | ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠮ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠬᠤᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠤᠲᠤᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯᠲᠤ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ 1m᠂ ᠦᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠰᠦᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠠᠶᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠳᠤᠪᠤᠷᠦ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠸᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠷᠬᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠫᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠲᠠᠢ | ᠸᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠷᠬᠠᠢ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠸᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠤᠯᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ | | | | |